2022 Day 61

2022 Dedh Trei Ügens ha Wonan

De Merher, nessa mis Meurth

Wednesday, 2nd March

Na wrewgh mos en kyttrin gen meppik, trei bloodh coth, heb kemeres crib! Na wrewgh mos dhe'n morreb heb checkya an mortîd! Na wrewgh nevra crejy towl an gewer! Gwrewgh redya an nessa descans.

Don't go on a bus with a little boy, three years of age, without taking a snack! Don't go to the seaside without checking the tide! Never believe the weather forecast!

Do read the next lesson.

Building up our Cornish language Part 9b
Cressya emann agan tavas Kernowek Radn 9b

Apart from a few location indicators, such as obma here and ena there,

when we are talking about locations/positions, to use with bos locative, we need prepositions. 

Here are a few examples. (We will look at them in more detail later.)

dadn ~ en-dadn (SWFM yn dann) under

dhe to

en (SWFM yn) in

gen with

reb beside, by

tredh between

war on

We have already seen a number of passive constructions with bos descriptive,

using the paradigm of gen/gans with/by, e.g.

Da ew genam avalow rüdh. I like red apples.

Thew da genen owravalow. We like oranges.

Ew da genes avalow? Do you like apples?

Nag ew da ganjo avalow glas. He doesn't like green apples.

or using the paradigm of dhe to, e.g.

Res ew dhedhy dos tre. She must come home.

Now we have a number of passive constructions with bos locative. These save using the personal forms of several verbs.

As an alternative to saying 

Drog ew genam for I am sorry,

you can use:

Edrek ma genam. I am sorry. I apologise. or

Ma edrek dhebm. I am sorry. I regret.

We also have

Ma esperans dhebm. I am hopeful. I hope

Ma govenek dhebm. I am hopeful. I hope

Ma hireth dhebm godhvos. I'm longing to know.

Several constructions translate simply as

There is ... of/for ...

(a meaning of causes soft mutation/lenition)

e.g.

Ma othom a ... There is a need of ...

boos food

Ma othom a voos. There is a need of food. Food is needed.

Ma fowt a ... There is a lack of ... 

mòna money, cash

Ma fowt a vòna. There is a lack of money. Money is lacking.

Ma whans a ... There is a desire for ..., There is a want of ...

Ma whans a frankedh There is a desire for liberty.

You can add the personal element by using the paradigm of dhe, e.g.

Ma othom dhebm a dermyn môy. I need more time. (< termyn)

Ma fowt dhodho a dowl. He lacks a plan. (<towl)

Ma whans dhewgh a berna re. You want to buy too much. (< perna)

And any of these sentences could be turned into the negative, e.g.

Nag eus fowt a vòna. There's no lack of money.

Nag eus othom dhebm a dermyn môy. 

I don't need more time.

You can make a question by starting with eus, e.g.

Eus othom dhis a weres? Do you need any help? (gweres)