Saturday 30 April 2016

Personal Activities 9 (boas locative question and negative)

We have looked at examples of the use of the verb <boas> (SWFM bos) to be, being in its “locative” form, which is used with locations and actions (what some people call the “long” form). Here is a summary, including the verbal particle (not needed with a preposition), which is equivalent to adding “-ing” to the end of English verbs. (Remember that in rapid speech the verbal particle is often left out.):
thero vy o …
therama o …
theram …                    
(SWFM yth esov vy ow …)

I am …ing
thesta o ... (singular familiar)  
(SWFM yth esos ta ow ...)

you are … ing
thou art …ing
ma va o …                                  
(SWFM yma ev ow …)

he is …ing
ma hei o …                 
(SWFM yma hi ow …)

she is …ing
thero nei o …                       
(SWFM yth eson ni ow …)

we are …ing
thero whei o … (formal or plural)
(SWFM yth esowgh hwi ow ….)

you are …ing
môns o …
ma anjei o … (more emphatic)
(SWFM ymons i ow …)
they are …ing

Here are the question and negative forms:

ero vy o …?
erama o …?
eram o …?
(SWFM esov vy ow …?)

am I … ing?        
         
esta o ...? (familiar singular)   
(SWFM esos ta ow …?)

are you … ing?
art thou … ing?
üjy va o …?
(SWFM usi ev ow …?) 

is he … ing?
üjy hei o …?     
(SWFM usi hi ow …?)

is she … ing?
ero nei o …?     
(SWFM eson ni ow …?)

are we … ing?
ero whei o …? (formal or plural)
(SWFM esowgh hwi ow …?) 
  
are you … ing?
üjens o …?
üjy anjei o …? (more emphatic)
(SWFM usens i ow …?)
are they … ing?

nag ero vy o …
nag erama o …
nag eram o …
(SWFM nyns esov vy ow …) 
  

I am not … ing
nag esta o ... (familiar singular)
(SWFM nyns esos ta ow …)

you are not … ing
thou art not … ing
nag üjy va o …
(SWFM nyns usi ev ow …)

he is not … ing
nag üjy hei o …
(SWFM nyns usi hi ow …)

she is not … ing
nag ero nei o …
(SWFM nyns eson ni ow …)

we are not … ing
nag ero whei o … (formal or plural)
(SWFM nyns esowgh hwi ow …)

you are not … ing
nag üjens o …
nag üjy anjei o … (more emphatic)
(SWFM nyns usens i ow …) 
  
they are not … ing













































The <ma> and <üjy> forms can also be used with singular or plural nouns and with names instead of pronouns, e.g.:
Ma den o ...
A man is …ing
Ma Jowan ha Peder o ...    
John and Peter are …ing
Üjy an flehes o …?
Are the children …ing?
Nag üjy Jana o ...
Jane is not …ing
                              
         
                              
                             

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